Harnessing Generative AI in Higher Education: Opportunities, Challenges, and Ethical Imperatives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52562/jdle.v5i1.1455Keywords:
Generative AI, Higher Education, AI in Classrooms, Teacher Empowerment, Educational Equity, AI Ethics, AI-Ready WorkforceAbstract
Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is poised to transform higher education, particularly in complex and diverse contexts such as India. This article critically examines the potential of generative AI to address longstanding challenges, including the digital divide, the need for scalable personalized learning, and the evolving role of educators. It explores how AI tools can enhance student engagement, support teacher empowerment, and enable inclusive learning, especially in under-resourced settings. The paper also interrogates key ethical concerns, such as academic integrity, data privacy, algorithmic bias, and equity, while analysing current government initiatives aimed at responsible AI adoption. Drawing on global comparisons and field-based perspectives, the article presents a balanced analysis of both the opportunities and limitations of AI in Indian higher education. It concludes by offering practical recommendations for policy, pedagogy, and future research to foster a more equitable, AI-enabled academic ecosystem
Downloads
References
Alasadi, E. A., & Baiz, C. R. (2023) Generative AI in education and research: Opportunities, concerns, and solutions. Journal of Chemical Education, 100(8), 2965-2971. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00323
Byju’s. (2024). Comprehensive learning programs and classes for all students. https://byjus.com/
Darwin, D., Rusdin, D., Mukminatien, N., Suryati, N., Laksmi, E. D., & Marzuki. (2024). Critical thinking in the AI era: An exploration of EFL students’ perceptions, benefits, and limitations. Cogent Education, 11(1), 2290342. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2290342
Gaurav, G. (2023). Can generative AI help the education sector in India? Times of India. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/developing-contemporary-india/can-generative-ai-help-the-education-sector-in-india/
Hundt, A., Schuller, J., & Kacianka, S. (2024). Towards Equitable Agile Research and Development of AI and Robotics. arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.08242. https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.08242
INDIAai. (2024). How to Harness AI in Schools. https://indiaai.gov.in/article/how-to-harness-ai-in-schools-opportunities-and-challenges-ahead
Jones, J. W. (2024). AI in Education: Some Thoughts about Ethics, Equity, and Social Impact. In Trust and Inclusion in AI-Mediated Education: Where Human Learning Meets Learning Machines (pp. 59-72). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64487-0_3
Kumar, A., & Tyagi, K. (2024). Legal Framework and the Governance of AI in India. Indian Journal of Public Administration, 70(3), 609-614. https://doi.org/10.1177/00195561241271480
Kumar, R., Eaton, S. E., Mindzak, M., & Morrison, R. (2024) Academic integrity and artificial intelligence: An overview. Second Handbook of Academic Integrity, 1583-1596.
NEP. (2020). National Education Policy 2020. Government of India. https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English_0.pdf
NMICPS. (2023). National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems. Government of India. https://nmicps.in/
Qawqzeh, Y. (2024). Exploring the influence of student interaction with ChatGPT on critical thinking, problem solving, and creativity. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 14(4), 596-601. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2024.14.4.2082
Qin, Y., Xu, Z., Wang, X., & Skare, M. (2024) Artificial intelligence and economic development: An evolutionary investigation and systematic review. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 15(1), 1736-1770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01183-2
Samiksha, M. (2023) How India is integrating AI in the New Education Policy. https://indiaai.gov.in/article/how-india-is-integrating-ai-in-the-new-education-policy
Sidhu, G. S., Sayem, M. A., Taslima, N., Anwar, A. S., Chowdhury, F., & Rowshon, M. (2024). AI and workforce development: A comparative analysis of skill gaps and training needs in emerging economies. International journal of business and management sciences, 4(08), 12-28. https://doi.org/10.55640/ijbms-04-08-03
Mittal, U., Sai, S., & Chamola, V. (2024). A comprehensive review on generative ai for education. IEEE Access, 12, 142733-142759. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3468368
World Economic Forum. (2023). The future of learning: How AI is revolutionizing education 4.0. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/04/future-learning-ai-revolutionizing-education-4-0/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 R. Ravichandran, P. Sasikala
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
